INFINITIVE AND EXCLAMATORY PHRASE


Infinitive Phrase

Def.                        : An infinitife phrase is a word group with to infinitive as its head.
Kinds         :
1.   To Infinitive Phrase
Def.          : A to infinitive phrase is a word group with to infinitive as its head.
Pattern   : To Infinitive + DO/IO + DO/CS/Adverb
Function
§  As Subject
Subject of verb
E.g : To read a book is my hobby.
Subjective Complement
E.g : My habit is to study english.
§  As Object
Object of verb
E.g : I regret to love you.
Certain Mono Transitive Verb Followed by Infinitive
No
Certain Word
Meaning
No
Certain Word
Meaning
1
Afford
Sanggup
20
Mean
Bermaksud
2
Agree
Menyetujui
21
Need
Membutuhkan
3
Appear
Kelihatannya
22
Offer
Menawarkan
4
Arrange
Mengatur
23
Plan
Berencana
5
Ask
Meminta
24
Prepare
Bersiap - siap
6
Beg
Ingin
25
Pretend
Berpura - pura
7
Care
Peduli/Suka
26
Promise
Mengizinkan
8
Claim
Mengaku
27
Refuse
Menolak
9
Consent
Menyetujui
28
Regret
Menyesal
10
Decide
Memutuskan
29
Remember
Mengingat
11
Demand
Meminta/Menuntut
30
Seem
Rupanya
12
Desrve
Berhak/Pantas
31
Struggle
Berebut
13
Expect
Mengharapkan
32
Swear
Bersumpah
14
Fail
Lalai
33
Threaten
Mengancam
15
Forget
Lupa
34
Volunteer
Secara Sukarela
16
Hesitate
Ragu
35
Wait
Menunggu
17
Hope
Mengharapkan
36
Want
Menginginkan
18
Learn
Belajar
37
Wish
Mengharapkan
19
Manage
Berusaha Keras
Objective Complement
E.g : She forbids me to go to market.

No
Verb
Meaning
NO
Verb
Meaning
1
Advise
Menasehati
16
Hire
Menyewa
2
Allow
Mengizinkan
17
Instruct
Memerintahkan
3
Ask
Meminta
18
Invite
Mengundang
4
Assist
Membantu
19
Need
Butuh
5
Beg
Menginginkan
20
Order
Menyuruh
6
Cause
Menyebabkan
21
Permit
Mengizinkan
7
Challenge
Menantang
22
Persuade
Membujuk
8
Convince
Meyakinkan
23
Remind
Mengingatkan
9
Dare
Menentang
24
Require
Mewajibkan
10
Encourage
Mengajurkan
25
Request
Meminta
11
Expect
Mengharap
26
Teach
Mengajar
12
Forbid
Melarang
27
Tell
Menyuruh
13
Force
Memaksa
28
Urge
Mendorong
14
Get
Menyuruh
29
Want
Menginginkan
15
Help
Membantu
30
Warn
Memperingatkan
Complex Transitive Verb (CTV) Followed by Pronoun + Infinitive

§  As Adverb
E.g : I went to gramedia to buy a book.
§  As Modifier in Noun Phrase
E.g : Ability to make the girl loves me is true.
             H            M
The predicate adjectives followed by infinitive subjects in inconstructions ( it would be wise to do that ) have already been mentioned. The predicate adjectives given here are modified by the infinitive phrases. The pattern is    S+VL+Certain Adj+To Infinitive




*Afraid
*Eager
Lucky
*Anxious
Eligible
Proud
Apt
*(Un)Fit
Ready
Bound
Fortunate
*Sorry
Careful
*Glad
*Suitable
Certain
*Happy
Sure
*Content
*Impatient
(un)Worthy
Desrving
Likelly

          Marcela Frank (Page : 345)



Smart Learner’s Hand Book (Page: 23 – 25)



Afraid
Amazed*
Anxious
Ashamed
Astonished
Careful
Content
Delighted
Determined
Dissapointed*
Eager
Fortunate
Glad
Happy
Hesitate
Lucky
Motivated
Pleased
Prepared
Proud
Ready
Relieved
Reluctant
Sad*
Shocked*
Sorry*
Stunned*
Surprised
Upset*
Willi


Infinitive may occur with for phrases after these adjective
For Instance :
I’m anxious to see my lawyer at once
 We are fortunate to have such a good teacher.
The adjective has * always followed by some verbs i.e : See, learn, discover, find out ,bear.

2.   Bare Infinitive Phrase
Def.       :  A bare infinitive phrase is a word group with bare infinitive phrase as its head.
Pattern                                                                                     : Bare Infinitive + DO/IO + DO/CS/Adv
Function
As objective complement
E.g : You made me understand it.


Certain Bare Infinitive Phrase As objective complement
Have       :Marry had John wash the the car. (Menyuruh)
Help        :Rahma helped Anna clean the dishes. (Membantu)
Let           :My fiance lets me drive a car. (Membiarkan)
Make       :I made my brother carry my suitcase. (Memaksa)

Additional Certain Bare Infinitive
      Verb or physical perception followed by Bare Infinitive : feel, notice, look at, hear, listen to, oversee, watch see.
E.g : I hear something fall down in outside.
 CTV                                                     CO

Exclamatory Phrase
Def.       :An exclamatory phrase is a word group with exclamatory word as its head.
Kinds    :
1.   Exclamatory Adjective  
Word order      What + adjective + Noun (Plural/Unc)
                             What + Noun phrase/Noun Count/Count.Plrl
                             What + a/an + Adjective + Noun Singular
Function            As Subject
                             Subject of Verb
                             E.g : What a kind teacher is he !
                             Subjective Complement
                             E.g : What a handsome man he is !

As Object
                             Object of Verb
                             E.g : What a restaurant she built !
                             Object of Preposition
                             E.g : What a library they study in !
2.   Exclamatory Adverb
Word order    : How + Adjective
Function         :       As Subjective Complement
                                    E.g : How strong he is !                    


Word order    : How + Adverb
Function         :                       
 As Adverb  
E.g : How fluently he speaks !

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