INFINITIVE AND EXCLAMATORY PHRASE
Infinitive Phrase
Def. : An infinitife phrase is a word group with to infinitive as its head.
Kinds :
1. To Infinitive Phrase
Def. : A to infinitive phrase is a word group with to infinitive as its head.
Pattern : To Infinitive + DO/IO + DO/CS/Adverb
Function
§ As Subject
Subject of verb
E.g : To read a book is my hobby.
Subjective Complement
E.g : My habit is to study english.
Object of verb
E.g : I regret to love you.
Certain Mono Transitive Verb Followed by Infinitive
No
|
Certain Word
|
Meaning
|
No
|
Certain Word
|
Meaning
|
1
|
Afford
|
Sanggup
|
20
|
Mean
|
Bermaksud
|
2
|
Agree
|
Menyetujui
|
21
|
Need
|
Membutuhkan
|
3
|
Appear
|
Kelihatannya
|
22
|
Offer
|
Menawarkan
|
4
|
Arrange
|
Mengatur
|
23
|
Plan
|
Berencana
|
5
|
Ask
|
Meminta
|
24
|
Prepare
|
Bersiap - siap
|
6
|
Beg
|
Ingin
|
25
|
Pretend
|
Berpura - pura
|
7
|
Care
|
Peduli/Suka
|
26
|
Promise
|
Mengizinkan
|
8
|
Claim
|
Mengaku
|
27
|
Refuse
|
Menolak
|
9
|
Consent
|
Menyetujui
|
28
|
Regret
|
Menyesal
|
10
|
Decide
|
Memutuskan
|
29
|
Remember
|
Mengingat
|
11
|
Demand
|
Meminta/Menuntut
|
30
|
Seem
|
Rupanya
|
12
|
Desrve
|
Berhak/Pantas
|
31
|
Struggle
|
Berebut
|
13
|
Expect
|
Mengharapkan
|
32
|
Swear
|
Bersumpah
|
14
|
Fail
|
Lalai
|
33
|
Threaten
|
Mengancam
|
15
|
Forget
|
Lupa
|
34
|
Volunteer
|
Secara Sukarela
|
16
|
Hesitate
|
Ragu
|
35
|
Wait
|
Menunggu
|
17
|
Hope
|
Mengharapkan
|
36
|
Want
|
Menginginkan
|
18
|
Learn
|
Belajar
|
37
|
Wish
|
Mengharapkan
|
19
|
Manage
|
Berusaha Keras
|
Objective Complement
E.g : She forbids me to go to market.
No
|
Verb
|
Meaning
|
NO
|
Verb
|
Meaning
|
1
|
Advise
|
Menasehati
|
16
|
Hire
|
Menyewa
|
2
|
Allow
|
Mengizinkan
|
17
|
Instruct
|
Memerintahkan
|
3
|
Ask
|
Meminta
|
18
|
Invite
|
Mengundang
|
4
|
Assist
|
Membantu
|
19
|
Need
|
Butuh
|
5
|
Beg
|
Menginginkan
|
20
|
Order
|
Menyuruh
|
6
|
Cause
|
Menyebabkan
|
21
|
Permit
|
Mengizinkan
|
7
|
Challenge
|
Menantang
|
22
|
Persuade
|
Membujuk
|
8
|
Convince
|
Meyakinkan
|
23
|
Remind
|
Mengingatkan
|
9
|
Dare
|
Menentang
|
24
|
Require
|
Mewajibkan
|
10
|
Encourage
|
Mengajurkan
|
25
|
Request
|
Meminta
|
11
|
Expect
|
Mengharap
|
26
|
Teach
|
Mengajar
|
12
|
Forbid
|
Melarang
|
27
|
Tell
|
Menyuruh
|
13
|
Force
|
Memaksa
|
28
|
Urge
|
Mendorong
|
14
|
Get
|
Menyuruh
|
29
|
Want
|
Menginginkan
|
15
|
Help
|
Membantu
|
30
|
Warn
|
Memperingatkan
|
Complex Transitive Verb (CTV) Followed by Pronoun + Infinitive
§ As Adverb
E.g : I went to gramedia to buy a book.
§ As Modifier in Noun Phrase
E.g : Ability to make the girl loves me is true.
H M
The predicate adjectives followed by infinitive subjects in inconstructions ( it would be wise to do that ) have already been mentioned. The predicate adjectives given here are modified by the infinitive phrases. The pattern is S+VL+Certain Adj+To Infinitive
*Afraid
|
*Eager
|
Lucky
|
*Anxious
|
Eligible
|
Proud
|
Apt
|
*(Un)Fit
|
Ready
|
Bound
|
Fortunate
|
*Sorry
|
Careful
|
*Glad
|
*Suitable
|
Certain
|
*Happy
|
Sure
|
*Content
|
*Impatient
|
(un)Worthy
|
Desrving
|
Likelly
|
Marcela Frank (Page : 345)
Smart Learner’s Hand Book (Page: 23 – 25)
Afraid
Amazed*
Anxious
Ashamed
Astonished
Careful
Content
Delighted
Determined
Dissapointed*
Eager
Fortunate
Glad
Happy
Hesitate
Lucky
Motivated
Pleased
Prepared
Proud
Ready
Relieved
Reluctant
Sad*
Shocked*
Sorry*
Stunned*
Surprised
Upset*
Willi
Infinitive may occur with for phrases after these adjective
For Instance :
I’m anxious to see my lawyer at once
We are fortunate to have such a good teacher.
The adjective has * always followed by some verbs i.e : See, learn, discover, find out ,bear.
2. Bare Infinitive Phrase
Def. : A bare infinitive phrase is a word group with bare infinitive phrase as its head.
Pattern : Bare Infinitive + DO/IO + DO/CS/Adv
Function
As objective complement
E.g : You made me understand it.
Certain Bare Infinitive Phrase As objective complement
Have :Marry had John wash the the car. (Menyuruh)
Help :Rahma helped Anna clean the dishes. (Membantu)
Let :My fiance lets me drive a car. (Membiarkan)
Make :I made my brother carry my suitcase. (Memaksa)
Additional Certain Bare Infinitive
Verb or physical perception followed by Bare Infinitive : feel, notice, look at, hear, listen to, oversee, watch see.
E.g : I hear something fall down in outside.
CTV CO
Exclamatory Phrase
Def. :An exclamatory phrase is a word group with exclamatory word as its head.
Kinds :
1. Exclamatory Adjective
Word order What + adjective + Noun (Plural/Unc)
What + Noun phrase/Noun Count/Count.Plrl
What + a/an + Adjective + Noun Singular
Function As Subject
Subject of Verb
E.g : What a kind teacher is he !
Subjective Complement
E.g : What a handsome man he is !
As Object
Object of Verb
E.g : What a restaurant she built !
Object of Preposition
E.g : What a library they study in !
2. Exclamatory Adverb
Word order : How + Adjective
Function : As Subjective Complement
E.g : How strong he is !
Word order : How + Adverb
Function :
As Adverb
E.g : How fluently he speaks !
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